In a medium saucepan, bring vegetable broth to a boil. Add the orzo pasta and cook according to package instructions until al dente, usually about 8-10 minutes.
While the orzo is cooking, in a large skillet, heat olive oil over medium heat. Add the minced garlic and red pepper flakes (if using), sautéing for about 1-2 minutes until fragrant but not browned.
Drain the cooked orzo, reserving a bit of the cooking liquid if desired.
Add the drained orzo to the skillet with the garlic oil. Toss to coat the orzo in the oil and garlic evenly.
Sprinkle in the grated Parmesan cheese and fresh parsley. Toss everything together, adding reserved cooking liquid a tablespoon at a time if the mixture seems dry.
Season with salt and pepper to taste.
Serve immediately, garnished with extra Parmesan and a squeeze of fresh lemon juice over each plate.